Hollander



`April 9,' 1935. F, ARLEDTER 1,996,740

HOLLANDER Filed Dec. 21, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVEN TOR.

ATTORNEYS.

April 9, 1935. F, ARLEDTER 1,996,740

HOLLANDER Filed Dec. 21, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet. 2

A TTORNEYS.

April 9,'1935. F. ARLEDTER Y l,9|96v,740-

HOLLANDER Filed Dec. 21, 1932 s sheets-Sheet 3 IN VEN TOR.

f5@ fzorZeeZ fev* BY l @VMM ATTORNEYS.

`Patented pr. 9, 1935 luomini?DERv i FritzV Arledter, (fjologne-Kalk'; Germany Application Decemheranisez, serial No. 648,202; i

Y `InjGerinany July 4,1932

e-olaimsg 401992-725) n' i The presentinvention relatestofhollandersand more@ particularly. to an improved vacuum hollander.

f It is; anobject; i ofv the invention gto; provide a 5 vacuum hollander which is capable offisaving approximately 25% ofv power-,by reducing and/or avoiding rfriction and by f the-.elimination of air inthe pulp. Y,

It isanotherobject of'the inventionto; provide a vacuumfhollander Which relieves; the rotating rol1; or ;cylinder fromtheburden of lifting pulp to a.A.substantial' extent extendingup to about'76% or-78`%;.4 f

Ajurther obj ectv of z the inventionis to provide a vacuumihollandenhaving an; increased production up to about 29%; with the :same Ycapacity 3 of hollander; troughnnd ,'sayingpup `to about-30% in'A time lof grinding: coloring fliming or; bleaching.

I Another; object of theinventionjis the.; provision'of ag vacuumV hollander-V capable-foi increasing? the density-of j the pulp upi-,toabout 22% and vofggprovidingv 'good viscousness, bleaching and hydrationinjpulp. f w L It is; also Within z thezco-ntemplation of 5 the in'- vention to provide a*vacuum hollanderrproducing a. substantially, uniform .mixture ofpaper pulp and-1a. substantially uniform.r speed:y ofrcirculation ofl pulpthrough; ,the hollander trough.; Y-

The invention.. also proyidesi a, vVacuum .3Q hollander: which is substantially silent; opera-- Y tion; Which-has greatest cleanliness and which hasmodeadcorners.. Y i v stiliv another object fof-,the inventionisztoprrf videga Vacuum hollander. which "gives practically Y 4 the1 papenma'king machine. L t

The invention. likewise proyidesyaa: t .hollander whichfeffects' asaying in machine materials;'bed platecylinders or rolls, kniystgdisks andfthe like and; which causes,- ,a 'soli-cleaning; of the 45, paper pulpa'nd prevents particleslnftmetal, IQII and the;like-'fr.om l reaching; .the-milling` or grindingipartsz, y t l Y i f Y Other objects andadvantageisfwill `become ape parent frommthe followingdescription `taken in conjunctionwiththe drawings inwhich Figs=.1, 2 and B Iare diagrammatic yiews o fpreflerred.embodiments-of,thajnyention; l andi v Y Fig.;fliisfa'sectionalviewiin detailofia vacuum hollander; embodying.Y the, principles Y, of@ `the present; invention; and

Fig. 5 is?, a sectional YView or 4'.;

A preferred type; of;v hollander, Vembedying the principletofthe present rinvention isr illustrated in Eig. i 1. In this gure the; reference; character'v A designates the'casing o f the j-hollander which may be cylindricalgorloallshaped.` vIn either case;

readily'1uncoreano.,` with i;,citano1ers.;Ai off: tai type, it khas been foundpthatthe:pulpf;orfsub AItrwill be iobservedfthat-- )cylinderyor*W` roll, B reVolVesin-a troughT. Directly; under the roll two bed platesEvare-provideda,One bed l L plate'is'mounted within trough T at the entrance of vmouthl FAV-l, `ys/fhile the, secondi bedj platef is mounted undeneath the roll;A and adjacentto a secf ond mouth F-Z.; From :the bed plates, the'matef rial' under treatment-passes-througha ,channel .K

between the outsidelof grinding rollBga'n'dthe iri- Y Asintgthe foregoing hollanders.theffeedisinthrough the mouths associated` with the b ed plates and.; isV carried along Y byV cylinder B.' Whenthe establishinggacirculation.:.

; t Itis` tobe noted that the pulp jorymaterial-unf der treatment drawnup -fron1below the grindf `ingwcylinderi or, roll Vand, is-thrown otiiaboye it,

The-cylinder does; not wade? in theipulpymass and there` is.: nofriction i between the left surface ofthe grinding rolland` the {wall of the trough.

' In this-manner.,I aV substantialsaving;,offpoyverI n can be effective ,and in some instances4 a saying ,vacuumisgapplied the material is drawn-upland j flows over theitop edgeof thei'ofunnel gthusV in powe'r up to: about 50%has been accomplished.

In addition, the lifting ,of the vrnaterialzvis eieoterd primarily byfthevaeuurn which-relievesQthegr-ind; y

ing-cylinder of more thantwothirdsoifitsiWork.

` Consequently, an additional saving power madeby Athis eiect.`

In l-Fig. 2 another emb` dimentof the invention isillustrated. In this :formof hollander `casing'A has anirregular .egg shaped Aform; Grindingroll B is.placed.somewhattothe left lof :casing A andis/mounted in trough'T. Avbed'plateislolcated underenath roll ABand adjacenttoimollth l Atthe outlet of channel K, and adjacentitovfunf 55 nel X' isl asecond'.' bed plate .v

Y Inlet O introduces the feed to the hollander and4 a circulation 1 is established. as vindicated V.by the arrows. Above .the body ofthe circulatingliquid a vacuum is maintained by meansv of a vacuumY v connection lV leading to an appropriatervacuum pump, or the like. Y n

A furthermodication isV shown in Fig. 3 in which casing A has a more or lesssphereflike shape. Within the casingY A a grindingcylinder vor roll B, isfmounted adjacentto the.bottom` thereof. "Underneath grinding rollB a *bed plate E is provided. A- mouth F leads to the space.:-v between the bottomof the grinding roll B and the wall or casing A. Above the grindingY roll a trough like vcover T-I is provided. This trougliV like cover extends, from a region adjacent to mouth F to a region Vover the*` right-hand upper;

side of the grinding roll.v ATo Ythe leftj-of the `grinding roll,V a trough T-2 is provided.

Whenra ri/"aciiiiri'iuis applied to the space above the body of liquidwithin casing A byfmeans of agvacuumy pumpi cormected` via conneotionV and when grinding roll--`B rotates in thdirection in-V dicated bythe arrow, acirculation of pulp is set 'up as 'indicated by 'fthe arrows. It willy be Observed `that inlet),` Q introduces the feed; in* the h left-hand 'side' ofjfthe Vcasing in `a .region n whereA 'A the CrCual-fifowing'downwardly to mouth F v`as indicated'by thearrows. A

. nAn embodiment of' the will be noted yfrornFigslv thatfthe general form; of

Vthe hollanderis somewhat similar totheY embodi-1 mentl illustratedy in'V Fig. 3.V Y

.'"Casing ismadeA in the -forumqof va'ball or sphere. :Itis preferred to make the casing of two castings. The lower halffof thel casingconstitutes one,c astingwhile the upperihalfgof the casing constitutes-'the second 'castingi rThese castings y may besecuredtogetherin any appropriate manner. For instance/aplurality ofY bolts -suchasV of studs and'thumb screws I,.-"Thecov'er is prefg-A g erably provided with a glass -window' or some. other transparent material' so that the operator 'of Y the hollandercan look through the same and'v see nov/j the material -is :being 'ground 4In. addition Atofcover N, aconnection Visprovided Vatthe top of the casing; Ifhis'connection is' connectedpto -a vacuum pump or other-appropriatemeansIfor1 creating av vacuum withinthe casingj #Mounted inthe; lower part of 'the casmgis .a grinding cylinder LorrollY 4ZB providedwith 'a'plul `rainy of knives 'rnbiadeslz The grinding or milling' roll o'f iron-metal' or stone is carried on a Vshaft 3 which is supportedby.afstandardd. on each side of casing'A as may be seen'from Fig. 5. 65-

Shart 3 is'rotated in4 4any yappropriate v'manner as by means ofa pulley'5.y f 'Y A Surrounding a substantial partV ofigrindingr roll B is aV trough VT". In` the'pre'sent instance, the

. vtroughl'lfY has an adjustabletongue I5 mounted on the uppervside thereof.'A YOf course, lthe lower .Y end oftrough Tcan likewise beprovided' with an adjustable tongue, if? desired. Below the lower endof trough T! 'is' a mouth F. leading tov theV grinding roll.' At the',v bottom; lofv Vthe casing: and

in this instance, directly belowm'outh F is a disf or knives II or stones.

K invention Ywhich has y lbeen found Vto Ybe preferable for commercial -andindustrial use isillustratedin Figs. 4 and-5'. It s a housing 9 'is provided. Within this housing aV bed plate I0 vis mounted with a plurality of blades As one skilled in the art will readily understand,'blades II in bed plate I0 coact with blades 2 of grindingroll Bto..disin tegrz'atfeV the fibers Vor other'rnaterial being treated in the hollander.

For the convenience ofthe operator, aV port I2 is provided in the upper part of casing A above the grinding roll to permit the operator to inspect vvthe interiorfof the casing. In this manner, an `operator can closely watch the progress of the procedure lbeing carried out in the hollander and make anyobservations which he cares to. p

,Qnwthe left-hand upper side ofthe casing, a

.lug co-acts with an Vadjustable arm I4 having a vplurality of holesv I 5 in vthe upper i end thereof.

The lower end of armrlfi is pivoted to a iixed'sup'- port I 6. The casing A may be adjusted to any Vdesiredv height bypassing bolt I1 through the The operationof the hollander will be obvious to anyone skilled in the art.` -fThe hollander is set at the proper angle by making an appropriate adjustmentwith arm I4. A connection is made Yto avacuurn'pump by means ofV connection V. Cover N is removedand` a charge of i material is introduced into the casing. This charge maybe paper pulp consistingof a fibrous material caririedinrwaterf Of course, any other appropriate .tYpeof materialcan likewise be treated. Grinding' roll Bis rotatedy ina direction indicated by lthe arrow. A vacuum isthen applied and' the space 4above the top ofthe liquid is evacuated;

The brous pulp entersthe mouth F and is then drawn between .thevblades Vof Vthe Vgrinding roll and thefbla'des of the bed plate. ...The vground fibers are thrownv in` a stream substantially tan gential to the peripheryv ofthe grinding roll.V

Thisstream is directed upwardlywithin the oasing. Whenv the Ifibers reach'the vupper portion of the body'of. liquid 'within' casing A, theyare de'aerated by means of the2vacuun'1. In this manner, the deaeration ofthe bers and-thesubsequent hydrationthereof are facilitated. The Yop erator can observe the progress of the treatment through the port or peep hole'l2. Whenthe operation Vis complete the vacuum may beshut ofi and the rotation of lgrinding roll B may be discontinued. -Thejcontent or charge ofA casing A maybe fdischargedby moving Vgate 8 into the position shown .in Fig'. 6'. In this position the l'material in the casing will' be discharged through discharge'outlet 1.-.'1 y VIt will be observed that the presentV invention provides a hollander orfbeater which can be used toy good advantage inthe paper and pulp industry and in addition to other industries.A For,

instance, in view-of the extraordinary hydration effects obtained bythe present hollander orbeatl er, `it is possible to; produce colloidal cellulose "under very economical conditions. On

drying such colloidalicellulose, it is' possible' to producev blocks Yor slabs which can beiV formed into a number of useful articles. .Thus, 1.

for example, Ytheseblocks Or slabs maybe einployed in the production of boardsfypanels, etc.

tablematter, particularly? t'opical vegetation j Moreover,ithehollanderorl beater can'ibeused :for a-l great variety of 'otliei'-y uses, in-l particular itV may be pointed f out that thepre'sent-` hollanderV es# pecially useful in therdehydrationlofipeat'; inthe Washing of A wool; 'in the manufacture-'of imita-v tion leatherin 'the' productionv c' fbriquettes;-v in the preparation off cork'for-'linoleumetc.; vin

' thev distillation of petroleumffin the treatment of saw-dust for the manufacture of insulating-and sound-proof materials-for ice boxes, refrigerators,

'pipefc'overings telephonebooths; in the mixing of oils; colors', etc.; in the'making 'of size for paper and textiles; Ain the' preparation'of foodstuffs; in

the treatment of seaweed and the preparation of pulp-'for the manufacture yof artificialsilk. It will be further observed-that the' presentin` Vention *provides ahollander or beater which can be used`v to* advantage in 4processes wherein clogging of the material in any part of thema? chine is practically impossible and in which the knives or blades are protected due to the fact that there is a depression adjacent to the mouth leading to the grinding or milling parts.

Furthemore, the present invention provides a hollander or beater in which the rising of the air contained in the material and fibers under treatment gives the mass of pulp in the riser pipe more speed and the higher the pulp rises the fasteritmoves, thereby decidedly increasing the speed of circulation and permitting the grinding or milling cylinder to run faster with a resultant better combing of the bers Without the necessity of using a strong pressure against the bed plate.

Although the present invention has been described inv connection with certain embodiments thereof, it should be understood that variations and modifications may be resorted to without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For instance, the hollanders have herein been shown as being constructed in a vertical manner. It is to be understood that the hollander may be set at variousangles or horizontally. Other changes may be made as one skilled in the art will readily understand.

I claim:

1. An improved hollander adapted to beat and disintegrate bers which comprises a sphere-like closed casing, a grinding cylinder located at the bottom thereof, a trough surrounding the upper part of said grinding cylinder to provide an inlet mouth at the bottom and a discharge mouth at the top, a bed plate under said grinding cylinder, an inlet for introducing bers to be beaten and disintegrated in said casing, an outlet for removing the beaten and disintegrated fibers, Y means for producing a vacuum in the casing, and4 means for driving said grinding cylinder.

2. An improved hollander adapted to beat and disintegrate fibers which comprises a sphere-like closed casing, a grinding cylinder having knives on the periphery thereof and located at the bot-4 tom thereof, a trough surrounding the upper part of said grinding cylinder to provide an inlet mouth at the bottom and a discharge mouth at holding lsaid shaft.

ing thebeaten\and"disintegrated flberfs,-fmeansifor f producing fadv'acuum in the vcasirigg-*and"n'ieanislafor Y driving: said? grindingcylinder.' 3.- -An'iinproved"hollanderadaptedto beat:` and j disintegrate;fibers-Whichfcompr'ises aspliere-like :sv f-closed casing,- afgrindingflcylinder located at the 'bottomthereei'an adjustable tongue'provided atl` the upper party of Vsaid 'f trough, a ftrough surrounding theA ruppe-r part of 1saidiagrindingf:cyl-

inder .to-provide an-inletfmouth 'alt thetb'otto'm aan, and -f a discharge {mou-th iat* theV top,` aibed plate underF-saidlgrindingcylinder,V ari-inlet forJ introdueing fibers tof beb'eatenrl'and,disintegrated Vin said casing anoutletf` for removing; the ybeaten andi disintegratedffibers, a connection 'for f'said ,r casingtoputfthefsameundri'vacuum, andimeans closed casing,a grindingcylinder locatedfat the 20 bottom thereof, ar trough surroundingr the upper part of said grinding cylinder to provide an inlet mouth at the bottom anda discharge mouth at the top, a bed plate-under said grindi'rigcylinder,

an inlet forintroducing fibers to be beaten and disintegrated in saidk casing, an outlet for removing the beaten anddisintegrated bers, a connec`v tion for said' casing to put the same undervacuum, means for `driving said Vgrinding cylinder including a shaft,` and a pair of standards for 5. An improved hollander adapted to Vbeat and disintegrate fibers which comprises a sphere-like closedcasing, a grinding cylinder located at the bottom thereof, a trough surrounding the upper part of said grinding cylinder to provide an inlet mouth at the bottom and a discharge mouth at ,Y the top, a bed plate under said grinding cylinder,V

Vintegrate bers which comprises a sphere-like closed casing consisting of an upper member and a lowerA member, a grinding cylinder located in said lower member, a shaft passing through said grinding cylinder and said lower member, a pair of standards supporting said shaft and said casing, a trough provided surrounding the upper part of said grinding cylinder and extending close to the inner Wall of the casing to provide an inlet mouth at the bottom of the grinding cylinder 'and a discharge mouth at the top of the cylinder, a bed plate underneath said grinding cylinder and positioned between said two mouths, an inletVV for introducing fibers to be beaten and disintegrated, an outlet for discharging beaten disintegrated fibers, a vacuum Vconnection for said casing, and driving means to actuate said cylinder f and associated shaft. y

v'7.An improved hollander to beat and disinteggrate bers which comprises a sphere-like closed casing consisting of an vupper member and a low- 'er member, a grinding cylinder locatedrin said lower member, a shaft passing through,` said grinding cylinder and said lovv'er member, a pair of standards supportingfsaid shaftl and said casing, a trough provided surrounding'the upper' part of said grinding cylinder and extending close to the inner Wall ofthe `casing to provide an vcylinder and positioned-between saidtwo mouths,

`to said-casing forsupporting the same. p Y

inletfmouth atv the bottom 'of the grinding cylinder yand aY discharge mouth at the top of the cylinder, a bed platejundernea'th said-grinding an yinlet vfor introducing viil'iers to lbe vbeaten and 'disintegratedjan outletior discharging beaten disintegrated; bers,f a `vacuum :connection for saidicasing, driving means to actuate said Ycylinder and associated shaft, and an-arm secured V8.,An1i1nproved'hollanderto beat and to disintegrate Iibers which comprises a sphere-like -closed casing consisting of an upper member and ,a lower member, Vafgrinding cylinder located in said lower memben; a shaft passing throughrsaid grinding cylinder andsaid lower member, a pair of standardssupporting said shaft andy said casing, a vtrough provided surrounding `the upper `part of `said grinding cylinder and extending close to the inner wall of the casing to provide an inlet f mouth at the bottom 'of the, grinding cylinder and a discharge mouth at the top of the cylinder,

Y a bed plate underneath Vsaid lgrinding cylinder Y and positioned between said two mouths, aninlet iclination;` j

9. The process rof beating,` disintegrating and treating berswhich comprises establishing a body of bers in water, causing a vertical circulation in saidibody,r deaerating saidrbers under [a vacuum and grinding said fibers at the bottom of saidv body under a static head, thereby. hy-

drrating `the deaerated fibers. Y i

FRITZ ARLEDTER. 

